Skip to main content

Posts

Showing posts from January, 2021

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

INTRODUCTION: Asthma is a chronic condition that effects the airways. it causes wheezing and can make it hard to breathe. some triggers include exposure to an allergen ore irritant, viruses, exercise, emotional stress and other factors. Asthma causes the inside walls of the airways, or the bronchial tubes, to become swollen and inflamed. During an asthma attack, the airways will swell, the muscles around them will tighten, and it becomes difficult for air to move in and out of the lungs. Around 7.9% of people in the United States had asthma in 2017. There are many types of asthma, and several factors can cause asthma or trigger an acute attack. DESCRIPTION: Asthma is a long-term condition affecting the airways. It involves inflammation and narrowing inside the lungs, which restricts air supply. A person with asthma may experience: tightness in the chest wheezing breathlessness coughing increased mucus production An asthma attack occurs when the symptoms become severe. Attacks can begin

PARKINSON'S DISEASE

  Parkinson's EtiologyParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that mostly presents in later life with generalized slowing of movements (bradykinesia) and at least one other symptom of resting tremor or rigidity. Other associated features are a loss of smell, sleep dysfunction, mood disorders, excess salivation, constipation, and excessive periodic limb movements in sleep (REM behavior disorder). PD is a disorder of the basal ganglia, which is composed of many other nuclei. The striatum receives excitatory and inhibitory input from several parts of the cortex. The key pathology is the loss of dopaminergic neurons that lead to the symptom .  It is the seconds most common neuro-degenerative condition in the world after Alzheimer's. The condition is caused by the slow deterioration of the nerve cells in the brain, which create dopamine. Dopamine is a natural substance found in the brain that plays a major role in our brains and bodies by messaging and therefore

CLAW HAND (ULNAR NERVE PALSY)

  Ulnar nerve palsy  is a condition where the ulnar nerve becomes physically trapped or pinched, resulting in pain, numbness, or weakness. Signs and symptoms: In general, ulnar neuropathy will result in symptoms in a specific anatomic distribution, affecting the little finger, the ulnar half of the ring finger, and the intrinsic muscles of the hand. The specific symptoms experienced in the characteristic distribution depend on the specific location of ulnar nerve impingement. Symptoms of ulnar neuropathy may be motor, sensory, or both depending on the location of injury. Motor symptoms consistent of muscle weakness; sensory symptoms or paresthesias consist of numbness or tingling in the areas innervated by the ulnar nerve. Proximal impingement is associated with mixed symptoms, as the proximal nerve consists of mixed sensory and motor innervation. Distal impingement is associated with variable symptoms, as the ulnar nerve separates near the hand into distinct motor and sensory branches